second part
After the emergence of PLGA under the leadership of Party and the later commissions and commands at various levels, PLGA forces intensifiedwidened guerrilla war on the class enemies, their agents, on the government 10 mercenary armed forces and gained higher level experience in the process of achieving the central and other important tasks of the party. In different areas through guerilla warfare tactical counter offensive campaigns and actions conducted in joint and independent forms with coordination. Various kinds of military training syllabi were developed and with this the leadership in the military front as well as PLGA's forces fighting capacity, skills and the efficiency in preparing tactics were developed. They have been taking up timely Tactical and Counter Offensive Campaigns (TCOC) in their direct guidance and achieving a considerable positive change. As a part of it, there were guerrilla war actions in the leadership of the Central and East Regional Commands that dealt strong blows on the enemy forces such as the – Nayagarh campaign – Operation ‘Ropeway’; Jehanabad and Chaibasa jail breaks, Giridih, Khasmahal, Rajpur-Baghela, Jhajha, Jajpur raids, the attack on the Lakhiserai district court and release of PBM-CMCM, Mamail, Bandu-Panduva counter offensive actions, attack on the police escort vehicle of the inmates of Giridih prison, retaliation in Chipa Dohar, Dhar dharia, Bhandaria, Amuvatikar, the Dumrinala, Kalapahad ambush, retaliation of Operation Hill Vijay, Operation Monsoon and in Kolhan-Podahat in Bihar-Jharkhand; Murkinar and Raniboodili raids, ambushes in Padeda, Kothacheruvu, Urpalmetta, Mallampodur, Madanveda, Mukaram, Kongera, Pusutola, Jeeramghati, Tahkavada, Kasalpad, Kothacheruvu, Burkapal, Jamburkheda, Minapa, Kadenar and Jeeragudem, the retaliation to Bottem aerial strike, Dharmaram and Jeeragudem raids in Dandakaranya; R.Udayagiri, NALCO raids, Tellarayi, Balimela and Sunki ambushes in Andhra-Odisha Border area; Navatola ambush in Maharashtra; Sildah raid in West Bung; Sanbayal and Sahajpani ambushes in Odisha. PLGA took up 4,073 big, medium and small kind of tactical counter offensive actions on the central and the state armed forces in the past two decades. It wiped out 3,090 and injured 4,077 police, Para-military personnel and Commandos, and 2,365 modern weapons as well as 1,19,682 cartridges etc., seized from them. By practicing the principle 'the enemy's weapon is our weapon' armed and strengthened PLGA and hundreds of new fighters were armed. Apart from this PLGA forces faced hundreds of encirclements and elimination attacks in this two decades. Most of these attacks were retaliated and replied bravely by the PLGA. By all these efforts guerilla war was relatively intensified and extended in the revolutionary movement areas. Intelligence, education, health, culture, technical, communication, supply and other such departments of the Army developed in PLGA. Under the 11 leadership of Party PLGA been as a revolutionary political army through doing the propaganda of revolutionary politics of seizure of state power, building the Party, Mass Organizations, People's Militia, RPCs and mobilization of people in the people's struggles, participating and protecting in agricultural production, land levelling and irrigation campaigns and enhancing the living standard of the people by participating and building welfare activities such as education and people’s health, Party and PLGA were able to win the strong hold in the hearts of the people. PLGA fulfilled its role in the various political campagns and especially in the several recruitment campaigns as per the call of the party committees and commands. Hundreds of youths joined PLGA. These recruitment campaigns primarily took place in two guerrilla zones, apart from the RPCs and Gram Sabhas of the people, parents also played a vital role in these campaigns.
As a part of its international proletariat task, the party actively participated in the theoretical struggle against the various trends in the country and at the international plane. It played a vital role in establishing the Coordination Committee of South Asia Maoist Parties and Organisations (CCOMPOSA) and in fighting against the modern revisionism of PrachandaBhattarai. Our party placed before the International Communist Movement the document of understanding towards the formation of international proletarian organisation. It is maintaining relations with the various revolutionary organisations in various forms and worked to develop mutual solidarity movements in the International Communist movement. Especially, solidarity movements have been continuously going on since 2011 internationally in support to the People’s War in India and demanding stop to the counter revolutionary offensive campaigns on the People’s War in India and with the demand to release political prisoners. Our party took up campaigns in solidarity to the People’s War in Philippines in 2013 and 2022. The Communist Party of Philippines took up solidarity campaigns against Operation SAMADHAN and Operation Kagaar in 2024 June-July. All these activities had a positive impact on our People’s War and the International Communist Movement.
Although the party ideologically, theoretically and politically enriched its line, it lost on big scale leadership, members and PLGA forces initially in the urban and plain areas and later in the forest areas in the nearly two decades of concentrated fascist counter revolutionary campaigns unleashed by the Indian fascist ruling classes with the support of the impalists. Revolutionary 12 Mass Organisations and Revolutionary people’s governments weakened. Mass base and Areas of the movement shrunk. On the whole, people’s movements, guerrilla war and subjective strength decreased to a large extent. The fascist central and state governments assessed this change in the revolutionary camp and started ‘Operation Kagaar’ offensive stating it to be the ultimate war of elimination, as a part of the new counter revolutionary Surajkund plan to eliminate the party, PLGA, organs of the people and the revolutionary movement in two years starting from 2024 January. Thus, there is a fundamental change in the character of enemy offensive in ‘Operation Kagaar’. The enemy completed all preparations to stop our activities. They are attempting to affect the morale of the party and the people and to eliminate the revolutionary mass base. They deployed a large number of additional IPS officers in anti-Maoist operations in the areas of the movement. They strengthened informer-covert network in a big way. They deployed central, state, Para-military, special police and Commando forces, Army special units in the veil of these forces, NSG Commandos, Air force Garuda Commandos with modern weapons and technology in thousands. Counter revolutionary Greyhounds, STF, Jaguar, Hawk, SOG, Thunderbolt, C-60, DVF, DRG, Bastariya Battalion, Danteswari fighters and other such state, district forces and COBRA Para-military Commando forces with unemployed youth, tribal youth, traitors of revolution and those from the families of people’s enemies, of the states of the revolutionary movement and deployed them. The number of all these forces was three and a half lakhs by mid-2010 that rose to 5 lakhs by 2014 and to above 7 lakhs now. Modi government stated it would send additional forces in the revolutionary areas. The central government nearly completed its plan to set up 400 fortified police stations and 2,200 communication towers before launching of Operation Green Hunt in 2009. These apart, the establishment of Forward Operational Bases (FOB) was completed by the end of 2023 as a part of ‘SAMADHAN’ offensive campaigns. The Central Home Ministry declared it established 199 FOBs in the areas of Maoist movement from 22019 to 2023. As per the plan an additional 300–500-armed personnel were deployed in each camp bringing the total number to nearly one lakh. Residential areas, agricultural lands and forests are being bombed through drones to create terror among the people as a part of the operations to suppress the Maoists. Of late Army tanks are being used. Fifty new police and para-military camps were set up in the country since 2024 January. The central and the state 13 governments announced they would set up another 29 camps in Bastar in the coming days. In Jharkhand new camps are being posting in the same manner. In the border areas of the seven states' strategic areas the process of expansion of carpet security is almost completed. RESAT-1 satellite was experimented to keep a vigil on the movements of guerrillas in the forest in 2012. In the later period, each and every police station and police camp are supplied with drones. Real time information is being collected. The enemy forces participating in each and every operation against the Maoists are being given several kinds of incentives. These forces are being instigated to fire with automatic rifles and artillery shelling on the people and indulge in indiscriminate massacres and atrocities without any hurdles. The central and state government forces, Para-military, police Commando forces and Indian Army are deployed to eliminate the leadership of the party from the CC to the AC, mainly the CC and state level leadership working in the protection of PLGA units in section, Platoon, Company and Battalion formations and the PLGA forces. The central and the state governments are utilizing NIA and other such intelligence agencies and armed forces to make large scale attacks on the Mass Organisations and people’s movements in the urban, plain and forest areas. Presently the enemy is mainly following the method of encirclement and attack in the guerrilla zones and red resistance areas. A big operation involves 1500 to 3000 or even more Special Police, Commando, Para-military and Army personnel. Twenty to twenty five villages or 10-12 kms are covered in each operation in cordon, search and kill method.
Due to these offensives, there are inncreasingly severe hurdles and dangers in the political, organizational and military efforts of our Party, PLGA and United Front in the rural, urban and plain areas all over the country. In the past two decades of intense class struggle between the enemy and us, we temporarily setback in the country and our subjective strength (Party, PLGA and UF) decreased. But we sustained actively in certain forest areas. On the whole, in spite of few weaknesses amidst severe losses in the revolutionary movement, it advanced with historic and great successes from 2004 to 2011. In the later period, since we could not fight back the intensifiedwidened brutal repressive campaigns in an effective manner; since we could not develop the people’s movements; since the party could not overcome its subjective mistakes, weaknesses and limitations, the revolutionary movement faced difficult situation by 2013 and faced countrywide temporary setback.
The CC synthesized the efforts to overcome the temporary setback in the 14 revolutionary movement on the occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the party in 2024. The CC gave a call for a campaign to consolidate the party in 2019 with the understanding that theoretical, political, organizational consolidation of the party is vital to overcome the temporary setback and advance the revolutionary movement. In this campaign, there were efforts to train the party ranks to achieve the central task and other immediate tasks in the situation of temporary setback, in the changed social conditions and strengthening carpet security. There were efforts to raise party membership, consolidation of the party committees from the bottom to the top, to mobilise the broad masses in struggles to solve the daily, fundamental problems utilizing the propaganda-agitation programs, in open and legal forms of organisation in the leadership of various forums of UF together with friendly forces in all the areas in the country where party is working. There were efforts to mobilise thousands of people in anti-imperialist, anti-Comprador Bureaucratic Capitalist, anti-feudal, anti-Corporatisation-Militarisation struggles.
Basing on the fundamental guerilla warfare tactics the PLGA forces took up tactical counter offensive in guerrilla areas. In the 669 guerrilla war actions taken up from 2021 to 2024 July, 261 police men were wiped out and 516 were injured. 25 arms were seized. Although there was this positive effort to overcome the temporary setback in the past three and a half years, we did not change the tactics and methods of work according to the objective conditions such as to prevent losses in the enemy offensive. This caused severe losses of comrades from the Central Committee to the bottom. We lost 439 utmost valuable comrades of the Party, PLGA and UF and 215 weapons. This resulted in further weakening of the three magnificent spheres of People’s War quantitatively and qualitatively. An overall view shows that the party is facing an unprecedented encirclement-elimination war in Operation Kagaar. Protection of the party, PLGA, UF and the Indian revolutionary movement came forth as the immediate task. While the enemy offensive is bringing forth the shortcomings and weaknesses in our party, on the other hand, it is also creating the condition needed for our ranks to fight daringly and determinedly by applying the correct tactics and war skills to advance. Testing times exposed those who argued that PPW does not suit our social conditions only to hide their defeatism and those who fell for the enemy. 15 By getting influence with the few crumbs thrown by enemy a section of weak elements fell in the trap. In these testing times all these elements were exposed one by one. Due to enemy's hook and crook policies a section in people has become inactive. Few others surrendered to the pressure of the enemy forces. Local organs of the people were mostly affected. All these are affecting the morale of a section of comrades.
Without imbibing in the light of MLM theory, by grasping the wide experience of the party gained through enormous sacrifices, the valuable lessons, the militancy and sacrificing consciousness of the party and by working determinedly inpractice and without providing proper understanding of all these all over the party, we cannot understand the favourable aspects in unfavourable conditions.
We must not forget that the revolutionary movement advances in waves. In class struggle, there is the enemy offensive, the counter offensive of the revolutionary forces and offensive and counter offensives between these mutually antagonistic forces. In the process there are quantitative and qualitative changes in the balance of forces, twists and turns and ebbs and flows through which the revolutionary forces are tempered and reach the situation of ending the enemy offensive. Twists and turns, victories and defeats are natural in Protracted People’s War. Ultimately people will achieve success. The exploitive ruling classes concentrate their entire strength to sustain their power up to the time they are totally destroyed. This is the fact pronounced in the experiences of the world revolutionary movement. However, in spite of any number of twists and turns and ups and downs according to the dialectical historic materialist principles, social changes will inevitably go forth in the path of a new and classless society development. This is the rule of history. In order to understand this, we need to enhance our theoretical level and put politics in command. We must deeply mingle with and take our revolutionary politics and theory widely among the broad masses. We must overcome the shortcomings and limitations in creatively applying PPW to specific conditions. We must rectify the mistakes in our tactics and functioning and creatively develop them. We must become red and expert in fulfilling our tasks. Then we will develop stronger, more organised and more dynamic. MLM is our theory and a powerful weapon for us to achieve the objective of revolution to rectify the various aspects becoming hurdles in the way to achieve our tasks and to strengthen our party. Let us take it up stronger than ever before. This is the essence of proletarianizing and bolshevising the 16 party.
It means – 1. We must study and deeply understand Marxism-LeninnismMaoism and the political and military line of the party and strongly abide by it without vacillation; must creatively apply MLM to our specific practice; must determinedly implement the party line; must prove it is correct; must strengthen the party theoretically, politically and organisationally fighting against the various non-proletarian trends that are coming forth in the party under the influence of the various capitalist and feudal theories; 2. Must develop the party strong with proper theoretical, political, organisational, military line and an organisation that properly implements democratic centralism and discipline and develop the party as an organisation of mass nature; 3. Must fight against all kinds of right and left opportunist trends inside and outside the party; 4. Must sincerely admit our mistakes, shortcomings and weaknesses, correct those and learn from practice so that they do not recur; 5. Must follow class line and mass line and closely unite with the people through following the Maoist principle of ‘from the masses to the masses’ and through guiding them. We can thus make true the Marxist principle that ‘people are the makers of history’. Therefore, in spite of any number of unfavourable conditions in the revolutionary movement, there are abundant opportunities all over the country to overcome those. The people of oppressed classes, social sections and nationalities are the source like a perennial river for the revolutionary movement. This apart, although our subjective strength considerably decreased in all the spheres, the party ranks, PLGA forces, revolutionary mass organizations of revolutionary people and people exist. International and domestic conditions are very favourable for revolution.
Basing on these, the present immediate, main and central task is to preserve the party, organise the people and take up class struggle-guerrilla war basing on the continuously rising mass base, strengthen the mass base and develop the subjective forces. For the purpose, depending on the concrete conditions of the various areas, preparing correct perspectives, deploying the party cadres in the planful manner with strategic outlook. We must organise the people of the oppressed classes, social sections and oppressed nationalities in the urban, plain and forest areas in struggles for daily life and fundamental problems. We must gain command in leading these struggles in a mutually dependent manner. In any area, we must base proper natural covers and consolidate the party invincible to the enemy. We must continuously revolutionise the people with the politiccs of seizure of state 17 power.
The Party must utilise the two magnificent weapons PLGA and UF. We must concentrate on raising the quality of the Party in a planned manner to make success the party consolidation campaign and as a part of it, training the party theoretically, politically, organisationally and militarily and thus make efforts to enhance the quantity. Only thus the party will once again strengthen and advance in the path of success.
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